Australia profile -Timeline
• From 1770 till 2019
A chronology of key events in Australian history.
1770 – Captain James Cook charts the east coast in his ship HM Endeavour. Cook claims it as a British possession and names eastern Australia “New South Wales”.
1788 – British Navy captain Arthur Phillip founds a penal settlement at Sydney. He had arrived with a fleet of 11 vessels, carrying nearly 800 convicts. The Aboriginal population at the time is thought to number several hundred thousand.
1788 quickly escalated into frontier conflict that lasted for over 140 years and cultural divides that continue to split Australia to this day.
These splits began as soon as Governor Arthur Phillip claimed sovereignty on 26 January 1788. The British Admiralty gave ‘Secret Instructions’ to Lieutenant James Cook on each of his three voyages to the South Pacific between 1768 and 1779.
1808 ‘Rum’ Rebellion. On 26th January 1808, officers and men of the New South Wales Corps marched to Government House in Sydney in an act of rebellion against Governor William Bligh. Bligh was arrested and the colony was placed under military rule. … The term ‘Rum Rebellion’ was not used at the time.
1829 – Colony of Western Australia established at Perth by Captain James Stirling.
1836 – South Australia established, with Adelaide as its capital.
1850s – Gold is found at several locations leading to gold rushes throughout the decade. The population increases three-fold in 10 years to pass the million mark.
An influx of Chinese leads to restrictions on their entry. Aborigines are treated very badly and their numbers collapse.
1854 – The Eureka Rebellion was a rebellion in 1854, instigated by gold miners in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, who revolted against the colonial authority of the United Kingdom.
1856 – Australia becomes the first country to introduce the secret ballot – or ‘Australian ballot’ – for elections.
1877 – Australia and England play the first-ever cricket Test match in Melbourne.
1884 – In 1884, a general tax on income was introduced in
South Australia, and in 1895 income tax was introduced in New South Wales at the rate of six pence in the pound, or 2.5%.
The most important thing to realize is that the payment of income taxes in Australia has always been voluntary. There is no law anywhere stating that a Australian citizen must file a specifically named income
report to Revenue Australia. This can be easily proven by reading Revenue Australia’s own documents
1890s constitution is a set of rules by which a country or state is run. The Australian Constitution was drafted at a series of constitutional conventions held in the 1890s. It was passed by the British Parliament as part of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 and took effect on 1 January 1901.
Australia became an independent nation on 1 January 1901 when the British Parliament passed legislation allowing the six Australian colonies to govern in their own right as part of the Commonwealth of Australia. The Commonwealth of Australia was established as a constitutional monarchy.
• Australia wouldn’t exist without the Constitution.
In the 1890s the people of six British colonies (now the states) agreed to unite under one Constitution as the Commonwealth of Australia.
• We Australians were the first people in the world to vote on our national Constitution. And today, the Constitution can only be changed if we agree to it through a referendum.
• Imagine trying to envisage what life would be like in 100 years time – and creating a Constitution to meet future needs.
That’s just what the key players did in the 1890s – they created a Constitution that still has relevance to our complex life today, with our mobile phones and internet connections.
• Our federal parliament was designed by the Constitution. It allows for an upper and lower house and for elections every three years.
It also ensures that Senators and Members of the House of Representatives are directly chosen by the people.
And, if we want to, we can stand for Parliament ourselves.
• Our Constitution obliges all Australians to obey the law – even politicians and governments.
The High Court was set up as a separate power from the Parliament and has, at times, overturned decisions made by the Australian Government as unconstitutional.
• The Constitution also has an impact on our personal lives by dividing up powers between the Commonwealth and the states.
The Commonwealth makes laws on a range of issues (such as regulating marriage and divorce) but allows other powers (such as providing roads and transport) to remain with the states.
• The Australian Constitution provides some rights for all Australians, such as freedom of religion and the right to compensation if the government acquires your property.
1900 – The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act was drafted under the
Imperial Crown Christian protestant realm KJB 1611
1901 – The country is unified. The Commonwealth of Australia comes into being on 1st January 1901 as proclaimed by Queen Victoria under the blessing off almighty god in the Imperial Crown realm jurisdiction with all the Common laws, unalienable rights and the bill of rights of England protected
1901 – Edmund Barton was elected prime minister.
1901 – Australian flag competition saw the Red Ensign elected by the people as our Nations flag on land and sent of for Royal assent/approval in Britain.
1902- King approved Red Ensign Flag with Star of david removed due to ties to the Catholic church the occult, king solomon ,freemasons and the knights Templars.
1908- First change to the Red Ensign Civil Flag , an extra point added to the Commonwealth star after acquiring PNG as part of our territory’s.
1910- The Commonwealth people rejoice with the creation of the first Commonwealth of Australia currency act, Australia now printed and forge its own money separate to the British.
1911-The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white
1911 – Canberra is founded and designated as the capital.
1914 – Outbreak of World War I. Australia commits hundreds of thousands of troops to the British war effort.
Their participation – alongside New Zealanders – in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey in 1915 leads to heavy casualties. The Gallipoli landings help cement a sense of identity in the young nation.
1915 – A temporary Federal income tax was first introduced in 1915, in order to help fund Australia’s war effort in the First World War.
1919 – The treaty of Versailles was signed
Treaty of Versailles. … Germany reluctantly signed the Treaty of Versailles on 28 June
- Australia’s representatives at the Paris Peace
Conference were the Prime Minister Billy Hughes, the Deputy
Prime Minister Sir Joseph Cook, and Lieutenant Commander
J.G. Latham, Royal Australian Naval Reserve
1920 – The League of Nations, abbreviated as LN or LoN, was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.- 1920- The NEW WORLD ORDERS BEGINNING .
This is where Australia got its big boy pants but never put them on.
1921- Recognising the change, the term “British Commonwealth of Nations” was first officially used in the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty. According to the 1926 Balfour Declaration the emergent Commonwealth was composed of “autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs”.
1926-
UNIDROIT (formally, the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law; French: Institut international pour l’unification du droit privé) is an intergovernmental organization whose objective is to harmonize international private law across countries through uniform rules, international conventions, and the production of model laws, sets of principles, guides and guidelines. Established in 1926 as part of the League of Nations, it was reestablished in 1940 following the League’s dissolution through a multilateral agreement, the UNIDROIT Statute. As at 2019 UNIDROIT has 63 member states.
UNIDROIT has prepared multiple conventions (treaties), but has also developed soft law instruments. An example are the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts. Distinctly different from the Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) adopted by UNCITRAL, the UNIDROIT Principles do not apply as a matter of law, but only when chosen by the parties as their contractual regime.
1927 – Parliament House was opened under the Red Ensign and Imperial Crown On 9 May 1927 His Royal Highness the Duke of York opened Australia’s first purpose-built federal parliament building, now known as Old Parliament House. There was no national capital city when old parliament house was built.
…Economic woes
1929 – The Great Depression following the Wall Street Crash hits Australia hard.
Recovery is uneven, and the Labor government is defeated in the election
1931-Balfour’s words were given legal force by the 1931 Statute of Westminster.
1931. 1939 – WW2 Australia follows Britain’s lead and declares war on Nazi Germany.
1941 – WW2 The US declares war on Japan. Australia turns to the US for help in its defence after the Japanese take Singapore. Australia allows the US to base its supreme command for the Pacific war on its territory.
Now pay attention boys and girls this is where the NWO really gets busy.
1942 -The Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942 is an Act of the Australian Parliament that formally adopted sections 2–6 of the Statute of Westminster 1931, an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom enabling the total legislative independence of the various self-governing Dominions of the British Empire.
1944-The World Bank was created at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference, along with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). … The World Bank and the IMF are both based in Washington, D.C., and work closely with each other.
1945- league of nations changes gear ,The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries. … The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories.
1948 – Australia begins a scheme for immigration from Europe. Over the next 30 years, more than two million people arrive, about one-third of them from Britain, and hundreds of thousands from Italy, Greece and Germany.
1949- The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union. NATO was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere.
1950 – Australia commits troops to the UN forces in the Korean war.
1950- The European Coal and Steel Community begins to unite European countries economically and politically in order to secure lasting peace.
1951- The European Union is set up with the aim of ending the frequent and bloody wars between neighbours, which culminated in the Second World War.
The EU traces its origins to the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC), established, respectively, by the 1951 Treaty of Paris and 1957 Treaty of Rome.
1954 – Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II
1954 – Crown changed from Imperial Christian protestant jurisdiction to St
Edwards Crown Catholic jurisdiction
1954 – Red ensign peoples national flag changed to Blue ensign Government flag without referendum
1956 – Olympic Games held in Melbourne
1965 – Australia commits troops to the US war effort in Vietnam.
1967 – National referendum on changes to constitution is passed. Section which excluded Aboriginal people from official census is removed. Another change enables federal government to pass laws on Aboriginal issues.
1973, Gough Whitlam, signed Australia over to the foreign: UNIDROIT Treaty of Rome, handing the Equitable Title of the mineral and energy wealth of Australia to a “foreign power”, head office Rome
WHAT-IS-UNIDROIT?
In 1973, Gough Whitlam, signed Australia over to the foreign:
UNIDROIT Treaty of Rome, handing the Equitable Title of the mineral and energy wealth of Australia to a “foreign power”, head office Rome. Why do so few people know about this criminal act of treason and why are there so many lawyers in parliament that pledge their Oath to the foreign: CITY OF LONDON in order to hide the truth from the masses?
UNIDROIT uses the ALL UPPER-
CASE debased corrupt DOG-LATIN text of Babylon (Rome), being foreign to the common law English language. DOG-LATIN is used for foreign Roman (VATICAN) military accounts.
(Military Dog Tags) The UNITED-
STATES was signed over to UNIDROIT in 1964, just after Kennedy was shot dead.
This fact was hidden from the masses.
1973- Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973
An Act relating to Sovereignty in respect of certain Waters of the Sea and in respect of the Airspace over, and the Sea-bed and Subsoil beneath, those Waters and to Sovereign Rights in respect of the Continental Shelf and the Exclusive Economic Zone and to certain rights of control in respect of the Contiguous Zone
1975 – Australia introduces new immigration laws, restricting the number of unskilled workers allowed into the country.
1975 -The government of Gough Whitlam is plagued by resignations and the blocking of its budget by the upper house of the parliament. In an unprecedented move, the governor-general, Sir John Kerr, dismisses the government.
A caretaker administration under Malcolm Fraser is installed, and goes on to win the general election.
1983 March – Bob Hawke becomes prime minister after his Labor Party secures a landslide victory.
1986 – The unconstitutional Australia Act makes Australian law fully independent of the British parliament and legal system with no Referendum of the people.
Significance
This document made Australian law independent of British parliaments and courts.
The
Commonwealth’s Australia Act was the final one of the seven Acts of the seven
Australian parliaments needed for a constitutional change to the whole Federation.
The
British Parliament also legislated to complete the untying of this constitutional ‘apron
string’.
The Australia Acts ended the inclusion into Australian law of British Acts of Parliament and abolished all remaining constitutional provision for appeals from Australian courts to the Privy Council in London.
From the date of Proclamation (see below) Australian law was ‘home grown’ – built on British foundations, but built according to the decisions of Australia’s own legislatures and courts.
History
The Prime Minister and the Premiers of the six States reached agreement at conferences held in 1982 and 1984 to introduce legislation in each of the parliaments for a uniform change. Each State, and the British Parliament, passed individual Acts before the Commonwealth enacted its own Australia Act.
None of the eight Australia Acts give the date on which they will become operative. This had to be done simultaneously, once all the legislation was in place.
A Proclamation, signed by Queen Elizabeth II at Government House in Canberra on 2 March 1986, stated that the Act will come into effect at 5.00 am Greenwich Mean Time the next day.
At this ceremony Queen Elizabeth presented Prime Minister Bob Hawke with the original Proclamation, and an Assent original of the Australia Act (UK), to which she had signed her assent on 7 February 1986.
Although this Act defines Australia as a ‘sovereign, independent and federal nation’, and the Australia Acts are often described as completing the process of constitutional development begun with the Federation movement, Australian still retains the Queen as head of state.
A referendum to remove this final tie by replacing the Crown with a President was held in Australia on 6 November 1999. The required majority of voters and majority of States necessary to make an alteration to the Constitution was not achieved and this final tie remains in place.
The seven Australia Acts thus remain the most recent step towards Australian constitutional independence, in a path from the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act in 1900, to the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, the Balfour Declaration in 1926, the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act in 1942 and then the Australia Act in 1986.
1988 – New parliament house is opened by Queen Elizabeth II
1991 December – Paul Keating becomes Labor prime minister.
1993 – The Native Title Act establishes a process for the granting of Aboriginal land rights.
1996 – John Howard of the Liberal Party wins elections to become prime minister. 1999 – Australia leads intervention force in East Timor to counter pro-Indonesia militia violence after territory’s independence vote.
1999 November – Referendum on making Australia a republic defeated, with 55% voting to retain the status quo.
2001 August – Australia turns away hundreds of boat people over several months, the most prominent group having been rescued from a sinking ferry. Australia pays Nauru to detain many of them. Bali bombing
2002 October – Australia mourns as 88 of its citizens are killed in a night club bombing in Bali, Indonesia, which some call Australia’s September 11. The attacks – which killed 202 people in total – are claimed by al-Qaeda.
August – Government announces a multi-million dollar cruise missile programme, set to give Australia the region’s “most lethal” air combat capacity.
2004 October – John Howard wins fourth term as prime minister.
2005 January – Worst bush fires for more than 20 years kill nine people in South Australia.
2005 December – Racially-motivated violence, involving thousands of youths, hits Sydney.
2006 January – Australia and East Timor sign a deal to divide billions of dollars in expected revenues from oil and gas deposits in the Timor Sea. Under the agreement, discussions on a disputed maritime boundary are postponed.
2006 April-May – Australian troops spearhead peacekeeping forces in the Solomon Islands and East Timor after unrest in both countries.
Labor landslide
2007 November – Opposition Labor Party, under Kevin Rudd, sweeps to power with landslide victory over John Howard.
2008 February – Government apologises for past wrongs committed against the indigenous population.
Australia ends its policy of sending asylum seekers into detention on small Pacific islands, with the last refugees leaving Nauru.
2009 May – Australia announces plans to more than double its submarine fleet and buy 100 US Stealth fighters as part of a $70bn military modernisation programme.
2010 February – British Prime Minister Gordon Brown apologises for the policy of sending thousands of children to former colonies under a migrant programme that ended 40 years previously.
Gillard takes over
2010 June – Julia Gillard becomes prime minister, ousting Kevin Rudd in a Labor
Party leadership challenge
2010 August – Parliamentary elections fail to deliver a clear winner. Prime Minister Gillard clings to power after securing support of independents to form a minority government.
2011 January – Queensland is hit by floods which are described as the most expensive natural disaster in the country’s history.
2011 December – Economy grows unexpectedly fast in the third quarter of 2011, driven by construction and mining. GDP rose 2.5% on the year, whereas analysts had expected 2.1%.
2012 January – Talks between government and opposition on asylum seekers break down. 2012 February – Foreign Minister Kevin Rudd resigns to mount a challenge to Prime Minister Gillard’s leadership, but is defeated.
2012 July – Controversial carbon tax, which penalises big polluters, comes into force. Prime Minister Gillard says it is needed to meet climate change obligations; opponents say it will cost jobs and raise prices.
2013 June – After months of infighting, Kevin Rudd manages to oust Julia Gillard as Labor leader and prime minister in a parliamentary party vote.
2013 July – Australia reaches deal with Papua New Guinea that will allow it to ship asylum seekers arriving by boat onwards to its Pacific neighbour.
Liberals return
2013 September – Parliamentary elections. Landslide victory for Liberal-National Coalition, led by Tony Abbott.
2013 October – Government adopts new policy of naval vessels intercepting boats of migrants and directing them back to Indonesia, which is followed by a dramatic reduction in arrivals.
2014 September – Police carry out the nation’s biggest ever counter-terrorism raids, with 15 arrests in Sydney and Brisbane, sparked by intelligence reports that Islamic extremists were planning random killings.
2014 December – Islamist Man Haron Monis takes 18 people hostage in Sydney cafe; two hostages and gunman die when police storm premises.
2015 March – Parliament passes law requiring its internet and mobile phone providers to store customer data for two years as anti-terror measure. 2015 June – Government announces 20-year plan to develop the infrastructure of the north, including transport and water resources.
Turnbull takes over
2015 September – Communications Minister Malcolm Turnbull replaces Tony Abbott as prime minister after a successful Liberal Party leadership challenge.
2016 July – An early general election sees Prime Minister Turnbull’s conservative Liberal-National coalition secure the narrowest of majorities over the Labor Party.
2016 August – Australia agrees to close a controversial asylum seeker detention centre on Papua New Guinea’s Manus Island but says none of the 850 people held there will be resettled on Australian soil.
2016 December – Police arrested five men suspected of planning a terrorist attack in Melbourne on Christmas Day.
2017 May – Indigenous leaders from across the country reject a bid for recognition in the country’s constitution, deciding instead to push for representation in parliament.
2017 December – Parliament makes same-sex marriage legal, following a national survey that showed support from 61% of voters.
2018 August – Malcolm Turnbull steps aside after an unsuccessful right-wing challenge to his leadership, allowing the conservative but pragmatic finance minister Scott Morrison to take over as prime minister and Liberal Party leader.
2019- Scomo Scott Morrison takes the reins of our nation as the free sovereign men and women of the commonwealth of Australia head into very uncertain times with mass bushfires and a world Plandemic Cov 19 unfolding .